Friday, August 27, 2010

An Update on Autism -- Perspectives and Treatment

From Medscape Neurology & Neurosurgery

Andrew N. Wilner, MD

An Autism Update: Introduction

Autism is a common disorder of children that presents with a spectrum of neurobehavioral and cognitive disorders, particularly problems with socialization, communication, and repetitive behaviors. There are no biologic markers for autism. The diagnosis is clinical, based on criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM IV).[1] Lack of timely development of language, or regression in communication skills, are indications for an evaluation for autism (Table 1). Multiple diagnostic tools are available to assist clinicians in the assessment of a child with suspected autism (Table 2).

Table 1. Absolute Indications for Autism Evaluation
No babbling, pointing, or other gesture by 12 months
No single words by 16 months
No 2-word spontaneous (not echolalic) phrases by 24 months
Any loss of any language or social skills at any age

Data from the American Psychiatric Association.[1]

Table 2. Diagnostic Tools
Diagnostic Parental Interviews
The Gilliam Autism Rating Scale
The Parent Interview for Autism
The Pervasive Developmental Disorders Screening Test-Stage 3
The Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised
Diagnostic Observation Instruments
The Childhood Autism Rating Scale
The Screening Tool for Autism in 2-Year-Olds
The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Generic

Data from the American Psychiatric Association.[1]

Like epilepsy, autism is a not a single syndrome. There is no cure, but early intervention can improve quality of life. The devastating nature of the disorder has attracted many unproven approaches, providing many opportunities for misguided, expensive, and potentially harmful "alternative" treatments.

An Update on Treatment

Medscape: What is the treatment for autism?

Dr. Goldstein: There are very little data concerning efficacy of behavioral treatments for autism. Most rely on close personal interactions between therapists/teachers and the children. Medications may be used to treat abnormal behaviors, but there are no medications that address the underlying disorder.

Dr. Chez: Treatment is purely symptomatic. For example, I sometimes use risperidone, which is US Food and Drug Administration approved for children with autism with aggressive behavior. We need more controlled studies of treatments. Clinical trials are now ongoing for memantine, an N-methyl-D-aspartic acid and glutamate antagonist that plays a role in brain neurogenesis, epilepsy, learning, and neuroglial inflammation, all of which may be important in autism. Designer drugs based on single gene defects, and stem cells are some other possibilities for the future.

Dr. Pellock: Autism has many faces and treatment must be individualized to each child. When children are referred with autism, they need a comprehensive evaluation to identify symptoms and developmental delays that may accompany autism. Treatment goals need to be identified. For example, is the therapy to decrease impulsiveness, hyperactivity, improve sleep, or treat seizures? The biggest issue is usually behavior. Children need behavioral controls throughout the day to learn which behaviors are acceptable and which are not to allow them to achieve to the best of their ability within the school system. A comprehensive, multimodal approach is necessary. Educational and environmental treatments are frequently at least as important, if not more important, than medications.
Conclusions

Autism remains a frustrating and challenging problem for many children and their families. While the experts do not agree on all of the details regarding management, all children with symptoms suggestive of autism should receive a comprehensive evaluation by a pediatric neurologist or other expert to determine whether the child has autism or another developmental disorder. If autism is diagnosed, the child’s behavioral, communication, and cognitive problems should be identified, as well as comorbidities such as epilepsy, sleep disorders, and gastrointestinal problems, so that a comprehensive treatment plan can be implemented. Early diagnosis and intervention offer children with autism the best opportunity to improve their social integration and quality of life.


http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/726778?src=mp&spon=9&uac=71630FV

52 comments:

Anonymous said...

Excellent write-up. I definitely appreciate this site.
Thanks!

My web site ... http://community.lifediverse.com/VelmaPBAH

Anonymous said...

Great information. Lucky me I recently found
your website by chance (stumbleupon). I've bookmarked it for later!

My blog post: at teen

Anonymous said...

Great information. Lucky me I recently found your website by chance (stumbleupon).
I've bookmarked it for later!

Stop by my page: at teen
Also see my web page > click here

Anonymous said...

Oh my goodness! Awesome article dude! Many thanks, However I am going through issues with your RSS.
I don't know why I can't join it. Is there anybody having the same RSS problems?

Anyone who knows the answer will you kindly respond?
Thanx!!

Here is my blog post - http://www.docoja.com:8080/mvnforum/mvnforum/viewmember?member=JulieWood

Anonymous said...

Oh my goodness! Awesome article dude! Many thanks, However I am
going through issues with your RSS. I don't know why I can't join it.
Is there anybody having the same RSS problems? Anyone who knows the answer will you kindly respond?
Thanx!!

my blog post ... http://www.absencethemovie.com/guestbook/
Also see my page > Click Here

Anonymous said...

I feel this is one of the most important information for me.

And i am satisfied reading your article. But should remark on
few common issues, The web site taste is perfect, the
articles is in reality excellent : D. Just right process, cheers

Here is my web-site: click here

Anonymous said...

Wonderful website you have here but I was curious about if you knew of any
forums that cover the same topics discussed in this article?
I'd really love to be a part of community where I can get feedback from other experienced individuals that share the same interest. If you have any recommendations, please let me know. Many thanks!

Look into my web blog; http://hrngoforum.cerebralpalsy.org.au/profile.php?mode=viewprofile&u=171019&sid=618436a9aa378cd6dd21e779b6aadb0a

Anonymous said...

Every weekend i used to pay a quick visit this site, as i want enjoyment, for
the reason that this this website conations in fact good funny
information too.

my homepage more
my page :: http://youngorgies.net

Anonymous said...

Good day! This is my first comment here so I just wanted to give a quick shout out and say I genuinely enjoy reading your articles.
Can you recommend any other blogs/websites/forums that cover the same topics?

Thanks!

Here is my homepage - http://teensfirst...

Anonymous said...

Wow, this piece of writing is fastidious, my younger sister
is analyzing these kinds of things, so I am going to convey her.


My web site; [主页]

Anonymous said...

Thank you for the auspicious writeup. It in fact was a amusement
account it. Look advanced to far added agreeable from you!
By the way, how can we communicate?

Feel free to visit my web-site ... http://chatclimax.com/

Anonymous said...

It's going to be finish of mine day, but before ending I am reading this wonderful article to improve my know-how.

my webpage at porno website

Anonymous said...

I seriously love your website.. Great colors & theme.
Did you create this website yourself? Please reply back as I'm planning to create my very own site and want to learn where you got this from or just what the theme is called. Thanks!

My site http://Www.namsukbae.com/xe/?document_srl=3092
my webpage: http://www.cheapnewhost.com/members/Profile/17901/CurtVasqu

Anonymous said...

Exceptional post however , I was wanting to know if
you could write a litte more on this subject? I'd be very thankful if you could elaborate a little bit further. Thank you!

Feel free to surf to my web blog Email Console
My web site > http://pornharvest.com/index.php?m=2095863

Anonymous said...

First off I want to say excellent blog! I had a quick question
in which I'd like to ask if you don't mind. I was curious to know how
you center yourself and clear your mind prior
to writing. I have had a tough time clearing my
mind in getting my thoughts out there. I truly
do enjoy writing but it just seems like the first 10 to 15 minutes
tend to be lost simply just trying to figure out how to begin.
Any suggestions or tips? Many thanks!

Feel free to surf to my webpage - http://trevian.co.kr/xe/index.php?mid=photo&document_srl=14667

Anonymous said...

Hey I am so thrilled I found your site, I really found you by mistake, while
I was browsing on Yahoo for something else, Anyways I am here now and would just like to say thanks for a tremendous post
and a all round thrilling blog (I also love the
theme/design), I don't have time to read it all at the minute but I have bookmarked it and also added in your RSS feeds, so when I have time I will be back to read more, Please do keep up the great work.

Feel free to surf to my weblog; [主页]

Anonymous said...

Great beat ! I would like to apprentice while you amend your site, how could i subscribe for a blog website?
The account helped me a acceptable deal. I had been tiny bit acquainted of this your broadcast provided bright clear idea

my site Visit Website

Anonymous said...

I got this web site from my friend who informed me on the topic of this web
site and now this time I am visiting this website and reading very informative articles at this time.


My blog post visit website

Anonymous said...

What a information of un-ambiguity and preserveness of precious
familiarity concerning unexpected feelings.

Have a look at my blog post http://onlinebestvideos.net/read_blog/11525/an-increasing-prevalence-of-college-scholarships-helps-empower-current-college-freshmen

Anonymous said...

It's actually a great and useful piece of info. I'm satisfied that you just
shared this helpful information with us.
Please stay us informed like this. Thank you for sharing.



my blog :: http://sororityorgy.org

Anonymous said...

This text is invaluable. Where can I find out more?



Also visit my page ... to These 3 Hot Euro Babes Are Getting Dowsed With Nut In These Hot Pics

Anonymous said...

Appreciating the time and effort you put into your site and in depth information you offer.
It's good to come across a blog every once in a while that isn't the same unwanted rehashed material.
Fantastic read! I've saved your site and I'm adding your RSS feeds to
my Google account.

Review my homepage: http://hardfucked.org

Anonymous said...

You are so awesome! I don't think I have read through anything like this before. So good to discover another person with original thoughts on this issue. Really.. thanks for starting this up. This website is one thing that is required on the web, someone with some originality!

Feel free to surf to my blog: ally shows Off Her pussy

Anonymous said...

Appreciating the time and energy you put into your blog and detailed information you offer.

It's good to come across a blog every once in a while that isn't the same old rehashed material.

Excellent read! I've saved your site and I'm adding your
RSS feeds to my Google account.

Feel free to visit my weblog; From Campus Orgies - campusorgies.net

Anonymous said...

This post provides clear idea for the new viewers of blogging, that in fact
how to do blogging.

Here is my weblog - shooting experience

Anonymous said...

Hi, its good post about media print, we all be aware of media is a enormous
source of facts.

Feel free to surf to my blog post by deni

Anonymous said...

Great post. I was checking constantly this blog and I am impressed!
Extremely helpful information specifically the last part :
) I care for such information a lot. I was seeking this particular info for
a very long time. Thank you and best of luck.

Look into my web-site http://pornharvest.com/index.php?m=2216106

Anonymous said...

Appreciate the recommendation. Will try it out.


Feel free to visit my webpage ... click here

Anonymous said...

It's an awesome article in support of all the web users; they will get advantage from it I am sure.

Here is my web site; ivana dildoing herself

Anonymous said...

This excellent website certainly has all the information and facts
I needed about this subject and didn't know who to ask.

My blog post ... Find

Anonymous said...

I drop a leave a response when I appreciate a post on a
website or I have something to contribute to the conversation.
Usually it's caused by the fire displayed in the article I browsed. And on this post "An Update on Autism -- Perspectives and Treatment". I was moved enough to post a thought :-P I actually do have 2 questions for you if it's okay.
Could it be simply me or does it look like like some of these comments appear as if they are written by brain dead individuals?
:-P And, if you are writing at other places, I would like to follow
you. Could you make a list all of your social sites like your twitter feed, Facebook page or linkedin profile?


my web page :: redirected here - pornharvest.com

Anonymous said...

Thanks for sharing your thoughts about football xanax mg.
Regards

Review my web blog ... more

Anonymous said...

May I simply just say what a relief to find someone that really knows what they're discussing over the internet. You actually realize how to bring a problem to light and make it important. More and more people should read this and understand this side of your story. I was surprised you are not more popular because you definitely possess the gift.

Also visit my website ... in porn

Anonymous said...

Hello there! Quick question that's completely off topic. Do you know how to make your site mobile friendly? My website looks weird when browsing from my iphone. I'm trying to find a theme or plugin that
might be able to correct this problem. If you have any recommendations, please share.

Thanks!

Take a look at my website :: visit website

Anonymous said...

Let me introduce you all to this wonderful product named http://www.
sharecash-bypass.tk Ubers AIO Downloader.
You guys might be thinking that what this tool is doing
on a Sharecash Downloader website and that this is all
different, well, but no. After successfully running Sharecash Downloader of mine for 2-3 months, I decided to make
something more unique and useful to you guys, so I came up with my AIO Downloader.

The speciality of this downloader is that it downloads almost from all file-hosters along with Sharecash, Fileace and Dengee.

Anonymous said...

Free PDF Password Remover Tools http://www.pdfpasswordremover.
tk - PDF Unlocker - Unlock Any Secured PDF File For Free.
The best PDF Password Removal Software For Free Download

Thank you for the good writeup. It in fact was a
amusement account it. Look advanced to far added agreeable from you!
By the way, how can we communicate?

Anonymous said...

I pay a visit everyday some websites and websites to read posts, except this website gives quality based writing.



My weblog: Hack twitter Password

Anonymous said...

Download All Recent Games, Movies, Apps, Mobile Stuff and everything
else for free at http://consolegames4free.tk

You can download from the following categories

Full Version Applications for Android, iOS, MAC, Windows
Full Version Games for Linux, MAC, PC, PS3, Wii, Wii
U, XBOX360 and other systems
Full Movies And Cinema Movies BDRiP, Cam, DVDRiP, DVDRiP Old, DVDSCR, HDRiP, R5, SCR, Staff Picks, Telecine, Telesync, Workprint
Full Music Album MP3s and Music Videos Music, Albums, iTunes, MViD, Singles/EPs
Full Version Ebooks eBook Magazines

Download all you want for free at http://consolegames4free.
tk

Anonymous said...

Get the ultimate Dragonvale Breeding Guide Fore Free. Generate unlimited Dragonvale gems and breed
all secret dragons http://www.dragonvale-cheats.
tk/ . Inclusive the Dragonvale Sandbox Tools and the Dragonvale Breeding Simulator !


Woah! I'm really loving the template/theme of this blog. It's simple, yet effective.
A lot of times it's difficult to get that "perfect balance" between usability and visual appearance. I must say you have done a fantastic job with this. In addition, the blog loads extremely fast for me on Chrome. Exceptional Blog!

Anonymous said...

If you want a Premium Minecraft Account check out this generator.
With it you can generate a unique Minecraft Premium Account which no one else has!
You can Download the Free Premium Minecraft Account Generator http://www.
MinecraftDownload4Free.tk

Oh my goodness! Awesome article dude! Thank you,
However I am experiencing troubles with your RSS.

I don't understand why I am unable to join it. Is there anybody else having identical RSS issues? Anyone who knows the solution can you kindly respond? Thanks!!

Anonymous said...

Are you tiered of completing surveys only for them not to unlock your file?

Do you want to bypass all online survey sites?
Here is the solution http://jmp2.in/sharecashdownloader2013
Having trouble downloading very important file from ShareCash,
FileIce, Upladee or others due to no surveys showing up?

Thanks to our newest tool, you will be able to download everything you
want whenever you want!
Works on all fileice surveys, with just one click of a button you
will be able to start downloading the file, for free!

Also works on sharecash surveys. Clicking in the image above will take you to a video tutorial for this tool.

To learn how to use Fileice Survey Bypass you can click here, you will be taken to a
short tutorial on how to use the tool.
Download ShareCash, FileIce, Upladee Survey Bypass Now! http://jmp2.
in/sharecashdownloader2013
Working Fileice Survey Bypass Download it here http://jmp2.

in/sharecashdownloader2013

Anonymous said...

If you want a Premium Minecraft Account check out this generator.
With it you can generate a unique Minecraft Premium Account
which no one else has! You can Download the Free Premium Minecraft Account Generator http://www.
free-minecraft-download.tk

It's actually very complex in this busy life to listen news on TV, so I only use world wide web for that purpose, and obtain the latest news.

Anonymous said...

This program is intended to recover lost passwords for RAR/WinRAR archives of versions 2.
xx and 3.xx. http://www.winrarpasswordcracker.com The free
professional solution for recovering lost passwords to RAR and WinRAR
archives.

This is my first time go to see at here and i am actually happy to read everthing at single place.

Anonymous said...

If you want a Premium Minecraft Account check out this generator.
With it you can generate a unique Minecraft Premium Account which no one else has!

You can Download the Free Premium Minecraft Account Generator http://www.
get-minecraft-free.tk

It's impressive that you are getting ideas from this post as well as from our discussion made at this place.

Anonymous said...

PSN Code Generator

Here is my site ... Working PSN Code Generator 2013

Anonymous said...

If you want a Premium Minecraft Account check out this generator.
With it you can generate a unique Minecraft Premium Account which no one else has!
You can Download the Free Premium Minecraft Account Generator http://www.
MinecraftDownload4Free.tk

I go to see daily some web sites and blogs to read articles or reviews, but this weblog provides feature based articles.

Anonymous said...

This program is intended to recover lost passwords for RAR/WinRAR
archives of versions 2.xx and 3.xx. http://www.winrarpasswordremover.
tk/ The free professional solution for recovering lost passwords to RAR and WinRAR archives.


I am actually happy to read this webpage posts
which includes plenty of valuable facts, thanks for providing these kinds of data.

Anonymous said...

My family every time say that I am wasting my time here at web, however
I know I am getting experience all the time by reading
thes fastidious content.

My website: Simply Click The Next Internet Page - Www.Soulmarks.Co.Uk

Anonymous said...

We absolutely love your blog and find many of your post's to be precisely what I'm
looking for. Does one offer guest writers to write content for you?
I wouldn't mind producing a post or elaborating on a lot of the subjects you write regarding here. Again, awesome site!

Also visit my homepage; a not so clever student - pornharvest.com

Anonymous said...

Today, while I was at work, my sister stole my apple ipad
and tested to see if it can survive a 25 foot drop, just so she can be a youtube sensation.
My iPad is now broken and she has 83 views. I know this is totally off topic but I had to share it with someone!


Here is my web-site :: Stellakang :: -- 여행 -- - Shenandoah / Virginia

Anonymous said...

Do you have a spam problem on this blog; I also am a blogger, and I was wanting to know your situation; we have
developed some nice methods and we are looking to swap strategies with
others, be sure to shoot me an e-mail if interested.


Feel free to visit my page ... From This Source

Anonymous said...

Hi to all, it's genuinely a good for me to visit this site, it consists of useful Information.

my page: 1 ()